in the educational sector, stifling the progress and effectiveness of public teaching. In the text, D. Antonio da Costa meticulously outlines the shortcomings of the existing educational framework, highlighting the ineffectiveness of a centralized bureaucratic approach that fails to meet the needs of the populace. He details the implications of a decentralized model that would empower local governance in educational matters, demonstrating the results achieved thus far under recent reforms. Costa's arguments emphasize that without a specialized ministry focused on public instruction, meaningful progress in education—especially in primary and secondary schooling—will remain stunted. Ultimately, he calls for urgent action to reorganize the educational system, framing it as a vital national issue that transcends political divides and is essential for Portugal's future. (This is an automatically generated summary.)